May 30, 2017
IFP in Old Mosul
TODAY’S MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
Iraq
Two car bombs kill 20, wound 83 in central Baghdad. [..]
France targeting French terrorists in Iraq & Syria. [..]
Several casualties caused by Daesh attack in northern Kirkuk. [..]
IFP advancing in key Zanjili neighborhood near downtown Mosul. [..]
CTS troops seize most of northwest Mosul neighborhood. [..]
Badr commander openly undermining Coalition military strategy. [..]
Syria
SDF Raqqa campaign moves into outskirts of the city. [..]
Syrian Army continues gains in major battle for Maskanah. [..]
REPORTS FROM IRAQ
NATIONAL NEWS
Prime Minister Abadi says a plan was prepared under his supervision and in coordination with the PMFs to secure the Iraqi border with Syria and isolate Daesh terrorists. [But see the Badr story under Sinjar below.] He also says he is surprised by calls from some politicians for an “emergency government.” He says some people are trying to give terrorism a bigger size so as to gain a psychological and media victory. He says the elections will happen on time and no one can change constitutional timing. [Ghad]
DaeshDaily comment. The continuous attacks on Karrada are not because it is a heavily Shia area. (In fact it’s a mixed area and many Christians are living there.) The attacks aim at embarrassing the government that’s located less than a mile inside the Green Zone. However, had these attacks happened in another country, a lot of officials would have lost their jobs for negligence or worse. Daesh couldn’t have moved vehicle bombs inside Baghdad without help from people inside security agencies.
The Wall Street Journal reported that French special forces in Iraq are secretly hunting down and killing French nationals who have joined Daesh’s senior ranks, with the help of Iraqi soldiers. “French forces work in close cooperation with their Iraqi and international partners . . . regardless of national origin,” said a French Ministry of Defense spokeswoman who declined to comment more specifically on the operation.
At least 27 French nationals are being sought as high-value targets and an undisclosed number have already been killed using intelligence supplied by the French. About 1,700 Frenchmen have joined Daesh in Iraq and Syria, the Journal reported, but hundreds now have either died in the fighting or have returned back home. “They are dealing with them here, because they don’t want to deal with them at home,” a senior Iraqi counterterrorism officer directly involved in coordinating with the French special forces told the WSJ. “It’s their duty. It’s common sense. The most lethal attacks overseas were in France.” [IraqPress]
The Coalition says it conducted 8 airstrikes on Daesh targets in Iraq, in or near Mosul (4) and Tal Afar (2); Rawa (1), and Baiji (1). [InherentResolve]
In Paris, the Eiffel Tower was largely dark at midnight Tuesday in honor of the victims of the Daesh attacks in Baghdad. [See just below] [Sumaria]
BAGHDAD
Security-related incidents reported
Center (Rusafa, Karkh, etc.)
A police source says a car bomb exploded in the Jadriya area in Karrada, in front of a popular ice cream shop, killing 11 civilians and wounding 47 others, in addition to causing damage to shops, restaurants, and civilian cars in this crowded area. [Sumaria]
Daesh says one of its Iraqi suicide terrorists attacked a “Shia gathering” in the Karrada area, killing or wounding seventy people. [ICDNMay24]
DaeshDaily comment. What Daesh didn’t say is that the terrorists attacked a popular ice cream shop where Iraqis from all sects gather, especially after breaking their Ramadan fast.
A police source says a car bomb exploded in Shawaka near Shuhada Bridge in front of the Public Pensions Department on Tuesday morning, killing 9 persons and wounding 36 others, while burning 7 out civilian vehicles and causing material damage. [Sumaria]
Daesh says it conducted a suicide attack with a vehicle bomb on a “Shia gathering” in the Al-Shawaka area, killing or wounding fifty-three people. [A3maq]
DaeshDaily comment. Shawaka is a mostly Sunni area.
North (Tarmiya, Taji, etc.)
A police source says an IED placed near a public parking lot in Shat Al-Taji exploded, wounding three civilians. [Sumaria]
South (Dora, Yusufiyah, Mahmudiya, etc.)
The BOC says 17th army division found 3 IEDs while searching Shabisha and Mu’ainat. [Harbi]
West (Ghazaliya, Abu Ghraib, etc.)
A police source says 2 mortar shells fell in the Abu Ghraib area without causing casualties. [Sumaria]
Total Baghdad incidents reported: 5 (Includes only incidents reported)
Total IED incidents reported: 4
ANBAR
Falluja
The BOC Says 59th army brigades units defused a booby-trapped guesthouse in Halabsa west of Falluja, while 6th army division destroyed 8 IEDs near Thirthar to the north. [Harbi]
SALAHUDDIN
Shirqat
Daesh says it targeted a PMF position in Ain Al-Baidha village with 2 mortars. [DMNMay24]
Baiji
Iraqi forces stopped a Daesh attack in the Thermal Station area, killing 3 terrorists and destroying a vehicle and 4 hideouts. [MoD Website]
Tikrit
Iraqi forces diffused 30 IEDs in the Al-Dayoum area in Tikrit. [MoD Website]
Western Salahuddin (Al-Daur, Tooz)
Daesh publishes photos of a Peshmerga member it captured near the Tuz Khurmatu Airport. [ICDNMay24]
DIYALA
Northern Diyala (Kifri, Khanaqin, Khalis north)
A local source says an IED wounded a soldier in the abandoned Al-Qarya Al-Asriya near Saadiya. The source says the IED could be from Daesh remnants. [Ghad]
KIRKUK
Kirkuk/Dibis
Fighting broke out between KRG Oil and Gas police and Daesh combatants near Dibis District. Two Daesh combatants, one officer, two soldiers, and two of the Police commander’s bodyguards were killed. Daesh combatants were trying to kidnap a civilian from Dibis when the confrontation started. [PUKMedia]
A Kirkuk Police commander says a police officer and three policemen were killed and six others wounded in the Daesh attack in Dibis. He also says 2 Daesh terrorists were killed in the attack. [Sumaria]
Daesh says it blew up 9 “Peshmerga oilfields” with IEDs in Mushrifa and Bai Hassan villages west of Kirkuk. [DMNMay24]
Daesh says it destroyed 2 towers that “provided electricity for Peshmerga” with IEDs in Baba Gurgur and Bai Hassan villages, located by oilfields, causing a partial power outage. [DMNMay24]
DaeshDaily comment. Near Baghdad, Daesh says it is causing damages to electricity going to Shia areas. Near Kirkuk, it is for “Peshmerga” because as we all know, only Peshmerga use electricity.
Hawija
Daesh publishes photos of distributing money to “poor people” in Al-Riyadh. [ICDNMay24]
DaeshDaily comment. The photos show the terrorists distributing Iraqi currency. Apparently Daesh’s coins haven’t reached the Kirkuk area yet.
NINEWA
Mosul
Mosul liberation campaign
A report from Mosul says Daesh formed an “Al-Bara Bin Malik” brigade to develop drones for combat operations. The main sample used by Daesh is the Chinese DJI drone or alternatively the X8 drone. Daesh buys the parts required from local markets, in Turkey mainly. The drones are used for reconnaissance purposes and sometimes armed with grenades and explosives to attack Iraqi forces. US sources say Daesh uses open source technologies and software in its drone operations, which makes them difficult to trace and confine. [Mada]
IWMC says army helicopters attacked Daesh gatherings in Tal Faris, Baaj and Badoush, killing 17 and destroying 3 vehicles. [Sumaria]
Central Mosul
IFP commander says his units are advancing deep into Zanjili neighborhood northwest of downtown, killing 14 Daesh combatants and destroying 9 motorcycles. The advance is aided by artillery and rocket shelling on Daesh positions. [PUKMedia]
IFP says it killed the Daesh official responsible for executing young men from Mosul, who tried to escape the city, several months ago, as he tried to escape the Zanjili neighborhood. [Waradana] [Etejah]
IFP says it captured the training school for Daesh suicide attackers in Zanjili in west Mosul. [Harbi]
DaeshDaily comment. It’s a sad commentary on life when you get training in order to kill yourself.
Daesh says it attacked CTS units near Hay Al-Zanjili, killing or wounding several soldiers, damaging a bulldozer, and capturing 3 military positions. [ICDNMay24]
Daesh issues a video of battles in Hay Al-Zanjili. [A3maq]
IFP says its units are engaged in fierce urban warfare with Daesh in the narrow streets of Old Mosul. [PressIraq]
A CTS source says Daesh has started burning its archives in the Old City, especially in the war, finance, hisbah, and security offices, to hide the identities of its operatives and the crimes they committed. [Hawar]
Daesh says it attacked IFP positions near Kornish Street, killing or wounding six soldiers including two officers and destroying a military position. [ICDNMay24]
Daesh says it targeted 2 IFP positions near the same street with 20 rockets. [DMNMay24]
Daesh says its snipers killed three IFP soldiers near the Bab Lakash area. [DMNMay24]
Daesh issues a video of battles in the Bab Al-Tob area. [A3maq]
Southwest Mosul
Military Intelligence Service says Iraqi forces found 3 vehicle bombs, including a garbage truck in Hay Al-Najjar. [Sumaria]
North & northwest Mosul
A military source says CTS forces liberated 90% of Al-Sihha Al-Oula neighborhood. [Harbi]
Daesh says one of its Iraqi suicide terrorists attacked CTS positions in Al-Sihha with 2 vehicle bombs, killing or wounding several soldiers and destroying a Humvee. [ICDNMay24]
Here Daesh says it killed a CTS sniper, destroyed a military vehicle, and damaged a bulldozer in battles in Al-Sihha. [DMNMay24]
Other Daesh reports (unverifiable)
Daesh says it targeted “IFP and militia” units in several areas in west Mosul with more than 60 mortars. [DMNMay24]
Hammam Al-Alil/ Mosul subdistrict
PMF says it blocked a Daesh attack with suicide attackers in Tal Al-Zalat in the northern Mosul subdistrict, killing 12 of them. It says Daesh left its dead bodies on the battlefield and retreated. [Mawazin]
Saraya Al-Jihad, a PMF faction, says it stopped a Daesh attack in the Tal Zalat, Muhalabiya, and Adaya areas, killing 13 terrorists. It also mourned the death of one of its commanders, who was killed. [Sumaria] [Ghad]
Daesh says it attacked 4 Iraqi forces military positions 20 km (12 miles) west of Mosul, killing twenty-five soldiers and capturing 2 Humvees and a heavy machine gun. Daesh also says it attacked Iraqi forces in Tal Zalat in Mosul subdistrict, destroying 4 vehicles before a suicide terrorist detonated his explosive vest. It says it also killed five soldiers and destroyed 9 armored vehicles in Tal Khazaf. It says it killed six more soldiers on Al-Atshana Mountain and killed ten more soldiers and destroyed 6 vehicles in Al-Harada village. [A3maq]
Daesh issues a video of alleged Saudi weapons and military vehicles it captured from the Iraqi Army in Tal Khazaf village west of Mosul. [A3maq]
Northwest Ninewa
Sinjar
PMF command says it liberated the Jaya village on the Iraqi Syrian borders at the beginning of the 6th stage of its operations. [PressIraq]
PMF media says PMF EODs are clearing the border strip extending southward from Um Jurais village on the Syrian border west of Sinjar, liberated earlier, clearing all villages and roads of Daesh war remnants. [IraqPress]
Badr Organization says its troops cleared 17km (11 miles) on the Iraqi-Syrian border near the Um Jurais border crossing, killing 13 terrorists and destroying 4 vehicle bombs and capturing 5 machine gun–mounted vehicles. [Sumaria]
Daesh issues a video of targeting a PMF bulldozer with a rocket southwest of Sinjar on Monday. [A3maq]
The PMF deputy commander says PMFs will liberate the border strip all the way to the city of Al-Qa’im in northwest Anbar. [Dorar]
Hadi Al-Amiri, Commander of the Badr faction of the PMF, says his forces are coordinating with Syrian government and will not allow the Americans to control the Iraqi-Syrian borders. He says that reaching the borders will assist the Syrian government it its endeavors to reach the borders on the Syrian side. He says PMFs would accept Syrian invitation to enter Syria after the elimination of Daesh in Iraq. [EnabBaladi]
DaeshDaily comment. This may be the point where the PMF role in the Ninewa Liberation Campaign veered off course. This has been enabled by the long delays in finishing the job in Mosul, leaving the PMFs largely on their own and in an enhanced role. This has empowered Al-Amiri and other pro-Iran elements in the PMFs whom Al-Abadi had so far held in check. Al-Amiri has already declared that he is now making his own decisions. The pro-Iran elements continue to reflect a strong sectarianism (thus unconditional support for Assad), supporting Iran’s unconditional support for Assad. The US is trying to defeat Daesh without handing the whole country back to Assad, leaving room for some negotiation on the future of Syria that might leave Assad out. This explains the still mysterious Free Army supported by the US, UK, and Jordan that is supposed to move north into the Bukamal and Deir Ez-Zor areas, exactly what Al-Amiri intends to prevent.
The Badr faction of the PMF says US troops in the Iraqi-Syrian border areas have withdrawn inside Iraq, while the British units headed back to Jordan leaving behind the portable offices they used as operations rooms, in the Hamima and Sakir areas in the eastern Homs desert. [ZamanAlWasl]
Syrian opposition sources say Iraqi PMFs are now in front of Al-Hawl from the Syrian side of the border, and have met there with YPG units in Sinjar. It added that scores of Yazidi fighters led by Qasim Shwan joined the PMFs in their recent battles in Sinjar, Qayrawan, and Baaj. [ZamanAlWasl]
South (Hatra, Baaj)
PMF says it is surrounding the Baaj district center except for its south and southwestern sides, leading to the Anbar desert. The PMFs are 15 km (9 miles) away from the city center. [Harbi]
The PMF deputy commander says that PMF forces will assist the Iraqi army units to hold ground along the border with Syria to prevent the return of terrorists to the area. [Harbi]
PMF media says Daesh escaped towards the Syrian border from Jabir Ghinfas village in Baaj as PMF units approached it. [IraqPress]
A PMF figure says Daesh executed 12 combatants and a field commander in Baaj on charges of escaping the battlefield. They were arrested while trying to flee. [Sumaria]
IWMC says Iraqi army CH4 drones destroyed a guesthouse in Wahda village northwest of Baaj, killing 8 Daesh combatants, and destroyed a vehicle bomb in Al-Botha village south of Baaj. [Forat]
KURDISTAN
Turkish army says its planes destroyed PKK weapon storehouses and shelters in Qandil and Hakork in northern Kurdistan. No more details of the attacks were reported, except that the attacking planes returned home safely. [Anadolu]
REPORTS FROM SYRIA
US Secretary of Defense James Mattis says the US will change its tactics in the war on Daesh and will try to eliminate Daesh fighters them after trapping them in one place, in order to prevent them from escaping and returning to their original countries. He says the US is trying to do its utmost to prevent emergence of a new terrorist enemy after Daesh is eliminated. [Dorar]
Turkey’s President Erdogan says in statements conveyed by the official TRT TV station that Turkey is planning to form a Syrian national army in north Syria by unifying scattered opposition factions. The stated aim is to protect north Syria, and confront the Assad government and the “secessionists” alike. [ZamanAlWasl]
DaeshDaily comment. The real aim is to assert Turkish authority in northern Syria; the real target is the Syrian Kurds.
Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov says US actions around the Al-Tanaf border point are a violation of Syrian state’s sovereignty. He says it would have been better if the US had coordinated with Russia on the issue of the safe areas. He says Russia is trying to communicate it position to the US through available channels, and will discuss the issue further in the coming talks in Astana. [SyriaNow]
DaeshDaily comment. Al-Tanaf highlights the emerging issue in the Syria conflict. With the departure of Daesh being anticipated by all parties, the original core issue in Syria is increasingly in focus. Assad, despite being responsible for the deaths of maybe 400,000 of his own people, is supported by Russia as part of its power game against the US and NATO, and by Iran and pro-Iran Iraqi militias as part of their Shia-sectarian campaign in the Middle East. The US and the Coalition would like to bring moderate Syrians into the political and military equation and not just hand Syria back to Assad, thus its support for the Free Army and for the SDF campaign in Raqqa. The immediate issue is who takes control of Deir Ez-Zor and Bukamal.
SOHR says this May witnessed the lowest number of civilian casualties from Russian airstrikes since its involvement in Syria started, at 27, including 3 women and 8 children, all in Daesh controlled areas in Homs, Hama, and Aleppo following the suspension of the escalation agreement. It says that on the other hand, Coalition-caused civilian casualties rose to 225, from 23 April to 23 May, marking the highest number of casualties since the start of Coalition operations in Syria. [SyriaHR]
DaeshDaily comment. Some of SOHR’s numbers remain to be verified, and some likely won’t be.
The Coalition says it conducted 18 airstrikes on Daesh targets in Syria, in or near Tabaqa (3), Raqqa (11), and Deir Ez-Zor (4). [InherentResolve]
Northeast (Hasaka, Raqqa)
Hasaka
Daesh issues a video of targeting an SDF vehicle with a rocket southeast of Shaddadi. [A3maq]
Raqqa
Daesh publishes photos of the results of Coalition airstrikes on Raqqa. [ICDNMay24]
West of Raqqa
SDF says it captured 3 villages 20 km (12 miles) east of Tabaqa, securing the road between Raqqa and other cities. SDF killed 25 Daesh combatants and destroyed a vehicle bomb while defusing another in the past two days. [PUKMedia]
Sources reported that Daesh is fiercely defending Khatouniya village west of Raqqa as SDF forces are trying to capture it. [Qasioun]
A Daesh land mine killed 3 civilians, including 2 children, and wounded eight others who were trying to escape Daesh-held areas towards SDF positions in Al-Mansurah west of Raqqa on the Raqqa-Tabaqa road. [Hawar]
SOHR says SDF forces are besieging Hunaida and Mansurah west of Raqqa. If it manages to capture these villages, the SDF will be in control of over 40 km of the southern banks of the Euphrates River.
SDF says it found a mass grave of Daesh victims 4 km (2.5 miles) east of Tabaqa. The bodies were mostly of government soldiers and state employees executed by Daesh since their takeover of the city back in 2014. [Qasioun]
North of Raqqa
SDF says its forces captured Asadiya village north of Raqqa after battles with Daesh combatants. [Qasioun]
Coalition planes also attacked the Division 17 location north of Raqqa, but reports of casualties are not available. [Qasioun]
SOHR described the advance of SDF north of Raqqa as significant, as they have reached the perimeter of the former 17th division barracks where Daesh is fortifying. By taking over this area, the SDF would be only 3 km (2 miles) from Raqqa city. SOHR also says that Daesh continues to send fighters from the city to the battlefronts, over 900 so far. [SyriaHR]
East of Raqqa
News reports say SDF is at the outskirts of Al-Mashlab neighborhood, north east of Raqqa city, and has already captured parts of it after battles with Daesh. [EnabBaladi]
Coalition planes killed 5 civilians and wounded 10 others in an airstrike on Suwaidiya village east of Raqqa, and killed several others and wounded tens of civilians in the eastern neighborhoods of Raqqa city.
SOHR says Coalition plane skilled 4 civilians all from one family in an airstrike on Maadan village east of Raqqa, also causing large material damage. [SyriaHR]
Daesh issues a video of the results of “American bombing” on Al-Suwaidiya village east of Maadan. [A3maq]
Daesh says it targeted SDF position in the Al-Karama area and nearby villages with 23 mortars and 5 SPG9 rockets. [DMNMay24]
Daesh publishes photos of targeting SDF positions in several areas east of Raqqa with artillery, rockets, and heavy machine guns. [ICDNMay24]
Daesh says it targeted an SDF military position near Albu Rashid village east of Raqqa with 3 artillery shells. [DMNMay24]
Raqqa city
SDF shelling of Raqqa city killed 6 civilians near Dalla roundabout, while Coalition airstrikes on northern and eastern locations in the city caused heavy damage to commercial areas on Al-Mansour Street. [Qasioun]
SOHR denied reports that SDF have entered Raqqa city or captured any of its buildings, saying that they are still on the outskirts of the city but only a few hundred meters away from it. [SyriaHR]
Northwest (Aleppo, Idlib)
Aleppo/Idlib/Deir Hafer
As government forces captured 3 more villages near Maskanah east of Aleppo, Daesh declared the city a military area, meaning that civilians are not allowed in or out of the city. There is only one village separating government forces from entering Maskanah city. [Hawar]
Daesh says it killed several government soldiers near the sugar factory near Maskanah, while Russian planes initiated over 40 airstrikes on the city. Syrian government forces are only 1 km away from the city now. [Qasioun]
Syrian Army says it captured over 16 villages near Maskanah in the past few days, killing or wounding over 2,000 Daesh combatants, and destroying 115 vehicles, 7 tanks, 4 cannons, 5 vehicle bombs and 14 command centers, among other targets, in addition to killing at least 6 Daesh leaders. [SyriaNow]
SOHR reported over 225 Syrian and Russian airstrikes in one day on Maskanah in addition to intense government and Russian artillery shelling as the ground forces approach the city. This puts the total airstrikes on the city at over 800 since May 22 (nine days). [SyriaHR]
Daesh publishes photos of targeting Syrian Army and Shia militia positions west of Maskanah with heavy artillery. [ICDNMay24]
Daesh says it destroyed a Syrian Army tank and a 57mm cannon with 2 rockets in Al-Karama village southeast of Deir Hafer. [DMNMay24]
Daesh publishes photos of targeting Syrian Army tanks and armored vehicles with rockets near the Al-Jarrah Military Airport. [ICDNMay24]
Afrin/Azaz/Al-Bab/ Jarabulus
Kurdish sources say YPG and YPJ repelled an attack by Turkey backed opposition on Aska village in Afrin, killing two and wounding tens of them, and forcing the attacking force to retreat [Hawar]
A Daesh land mine killed 3 civilians in Al-Bab city. [Qasioun]
East (Deir Ez-Zor)
Deir Ez-Zor
Daesh killed a man, a woman, and a child in artillery shelling on Albu Shams village west of Deir Ez-Zor. [Qasioun]
Syrian forces say they killed a Daesh group of 11 combatants approaching military points near the gas factory west of 137th battalion’s location near Deir Ez-Zor. [SyriaNow]
Syrian Army says its artillery killed 6 Daesh combatants and destroyed 4 fortifications in Tulul Al-Gar near Deir Ez-Zor. It also says it blocked a Daesh attack on Tal Barouk northwest of Deir Ez-Zor, killing several Daesh fighters. [SyriaNow]
Daesh publishes photos of Syrian Army supplies dropped by mistake into Daesh positions in the Deir Ez-Zor area. [ICDNMay24]
Mayadin
Coalition planes killed a woman and two children as they were attacking Quriya village held by Daesh near Mayadin east of Deir Ez-Zor, while the victims of Daesh shelling of the government–held Joura neighborhood in Deir Ez-Zor were 1 civilian killed and over 50 wounded. [Qasioun]
SOHR says Daesh closed down 27 shops selling food and fodder in Mayadin east of Deir Ez-Zor on charges of using the Syrian official currency instead of the Daesh currency. Daesh earlier imposed using its own currency in its held areas. [SyriaHR]
South (Rif Damashq, Suwayda, Daraa, etc.
Opposition sources say a brigade affiliated with Hezbollah is present in one of the Red Crescent IDP camps between Al-Seen airport and Zaza. The opposition says it is contemplating a military operation to clear the camp. [EnabBaladi]
Sources say Daesh handed over to the government the names of its combatants willing to leave Jobar neighborhood in Damascus , which will leave the whole capital under the government’s control. [SyriaNow]
OTHER MIDDLE EAST/NORTH AFRICA REPORTS
Yemen
Daesh publishes photos of battles with Houthis in the Qifa area. [ICDNMay24]
North Africa
Egypt
Daesh says it destroyed an Egyptian Army M60 tank with an IED near the industrial city south of Arish on Monday. Daesh also says it destroyed another M60 tank with another IED in Hay Al-Masaeed in Arish city. [A3maq]
Tunisia
Tunisian Ministry of Interior says DNA tests identified the terrorist who was killed in Kasserine by a security unit on Tuesday as Sami Rahimi, a Daesh leader who was responsible for several attacks in the country. [Tunisien]
REPORTS FROM OTHER COUNTRIES
Afghanistan
Daesh says it destroyed a fuel tanker truck that provided fuel for “American forces” on the road to Jalalabad city. [DMNMay24]
The Philippines
Daesh says its snipers killed seven Philippine soldiers in Marawi city. [A3maq]
DAESH MEDIA
Daesh Audio Newsletter for Today [Bayan]
Daesh issues a propaganda video explaining its “reality.” [ICDNMay24]
Daesh issued a propaganda video encourages people to commit “lone wolf” acts and take out anything or anyone that they can. It also shows and mentions specific U.S. cities, most noticeably Las Vegas.
Other targets listed in the video include Times Square, Johns Hopkins Hospital, multiple banks, and churches. [ICDNMay24]
